Exploring the potential of <i>heat as a service</i> in decarbonization: Evidence needs and research gaps

The need to accelerate the decarbonization of heating, as well rise ‘smart home’, mean that there is an increasing focus on role innovative consumer offerings in driving shift zero carbon domestic heating. In this context, Heat a Service (HaaS) business models, which provide consumers with agreed heating plan rather than simply paying for units fuel, are receiving increased attention. This paper explores HaaS based insights from facilitated group discussions key stakeholders, and learning trials, United Kingdom. Results identified evidence needs research gaps related to: addressing issues trust between suppliers, supportive policies, financing openness interoperability technology data. Based findings, we propose policy recommendations better understand models decarbonization.